Dear All, Greetings !
In this messase we are going to read about What is Cancer and its meaning with details.
I request to you to read with patience. Cancer (medical term: malignant neoplasm) is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display the traits of uncontrolled growth(growth and division beyond the normal limits), invasion (intrusionon and destruction of adjacent tissues), and sometimes metastasis(spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood). These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benigntumors, which are self-limited, do not invade or metastasize.
Most cancers form a tumor but some, like leukemia, do not.Cancer may affect people at all ages, even fetuses, but risk for themore common varieties tends to increase with age.
[1] Cancer causes about 13% of all deaths.
[2] According to the American Cancer Society,7.6 million people died from cancer in the world during 2007.
[3]Apart from humans, forms of cancer may affect other animals and plants.
Nearly all cancers are caused by abnormalities in the geneticmaterial of the transformed cells. These abnormalities may be due to the effects of carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, radiation,chemicals, or infectious agents. Other cancer-promoting geneticabnormalities may be randomly acquired through errors in DNA replication, or are inherited, and thus present in all cells frombirth.
Complex interactions between carcinogens and the host genomemay explain why only some develop cancer after exposure to a known carcinogen. New aspects of the genetics of cancer pathogenesis, suchas DNA methylation, and microRNAs are increasingly being recognizedas important.Genetic abnormalities found in cancer typically affect two generalclasses of genes. Cancer-promoting oncogenes are often activated incancer cells, giving those cells new properties, such as hyperactive growth and division, protection against programmed cell death, loss of respect for normal tissue boundaries, and the ability to become established in diverse tissue environments. Tumor suppressor genesare often inactivated in cancer cells, resulting in the loss of normal functions in those cells, such as accurate DNA replication,control over the cell cycle, orientation and adhesion within tissues,and interaction with protective cells of the immune system.Cancer is usually classified according to the tissue from which the cancerous cells originate, the primary tumor, as well as the normal cell type they most resemble. These are location and histology,respectively. A definitive diagnosis usually requires the histologic examination of a tissue biopsy specimen by a pathologist, although the initial indication of malignancy can be symptoms or radiographic imaging abnormalities. Most cancers can be treated and some cured,depending on the specific type, location, and stage. Once diagnosed,cancer is usually treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As research develops, treatments are becoming more specific for different varieties of cancer. There has beensignificant progress in the development of targeted therapy drugs that act specifically on detectable molecular abnormalities incertain tumors, and which minimize damage to normal cells. The prognosis of cancer patients is most influenced by the type ofcancer, as well as the stage, or extent of the disease. In addition,histologic grading and the presence of specific molecular markers can also be useful in establishing prognosis, as well as in determining individual treatments.
Hope this information will be useful !
Wish you a good health !
With Love,
Bro.Anthuvan.
Wednesday, 26 November 2008
Saturday, 22 November 2008
How to Perform a BreastSelf-Exam?
Dear All ! Greetings!
Today Breast Cancer is an one of the deadliest in the women world!
My wife Esmin died of this one Last August 14' 2008, 17 days before of our First Wedding Anniversary! She is just 31 years! So, I'm writing this to help the women world to protect their Precious Breasts!
To perform a breast self-exam, follow the steps described below.
In the mirror:-
1. Stand undressed from the waist up in front of a large mirror in a
well-lit room.
i. Look at your breasts.
ii. Don't be alarmed if they do not look equal in size or shape.
Most women's breasts aren't.
iii.With your arms relaxed by your sides, look for any changes
inshape or position, or any changes to the skin of the breasts.
iv.Look for any skin puckering, dimpling, sores or discoloration.
v .Inspect your nipples and look for any sores, peeling or change in the
direction of the nipples.
2. Next, place your hands on your hips and press down firmly to
tighten the chest muscles beneath your breasts.
Turn from side to side so you can inspect the outer part of your
breasts.
3. Then bend forward toward the mirror.
i. Roll your shoulders and elbows forward to tighten your chest
muscles.Your breasts will fall forward.
ii. Look for any changes in the shape or contour of your breasts.
4. Now, clasp your hands behind your head and press your hands forward.
Again, turnfrom side to side to inspect your breasts' outer portions.
Remember to inspect the border underneath your breasts. You may
need to lift yourbreasts with your hand to see this area.
5. i. Check your nipples for discharge (fluid).
ii.Place your thumb and forefinger on the tissue surrounding the nipple
and pull outward toward the end of the nipple.Look for any discharge.
Repeat on your other breast.
In the shower:-
6. Now, it's time to feel for changes in the breast. It is helpful to have
your hands slippery with soap and water.
i. Check for any lumps or thickening in your underarm area.
ii. Place your left hand on your hip and reach with your right hand to
feel in the left armpit.
Repeat on theother side.
7. Check both sides for lumps or thickenings above and below your
collar bone.
8. With hands soapy, raise one arm behind your head to spread out the
breast tissue. Use the flat part of your fingers from the other hand to
press gently into the breast. Follow an up-and-down pattern along the
breast, moving from bra line to collarbone. Continue the pattern until
you have covered the entire breast.
Repeat on the other side.
Lying down:-
9. Next, lie down andplace a small pillow or folded towel under your right
shoulder. Put yourright hand behind your head. Place your left hand on
the upper portion of your right breast with fingers together and flat.
Body lotion mayhelp to make this part of the exam easier.
10.Think of your breast as a face on a clock.
i. Start at 12 o'clock and move toward 1 o'clock insmall circular
motions. Continue around the entire circle until you reach 12 o'clock
again.
ii.Keep your fingers flat and in constant contact with your breast.When
the circle is complete, move in one inch toward the nipple and
complete another circle around the clock.
Continue in this pattern until you've felt the entire breast.
Make sure to feel the upper outer areas that extend into your armpit.
11. i. Place your fingers flat and directly on top of your nipple.
ii. Feel beneath the nipple for any changes.
iii.Gently press your nipple inward. It should move easily.
iv.Repeat steps 9, 10 and 11 on your other breast.
Interestingly,cancerous tumors are more likely to be found in
certain parts of the breast over others.
If you divide the breast into 4 sections, the approximate percentage
of breast cancers found in each area are (inclockwise pattern):
41% upper, outer quadrant
14% upper, inner quadrant
5% lower, inner quadrant
6% lower, outer quadrant
34% in the area behind the nipple Almost half occur in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, towards the armpit.
Some physicians refer to this region as the "tail" of the breast and encourage women to examine it closely.
I hope this information is an useful for your health and your loved one too!
Enjoy your health and take care!!
With love
Bro.Anthuvan
Today Breast Cancer is an one of the deadliest in the women world!
My wife Esmin died of this one Last August 14' 2008, 17 days before of our First Wedding Anniversary! She is just 31 years! So, I'm writing this to help the women world to protect their Precious Breasts!
To perform a breast self-exam, follow the steps described below.
In the mirror:-
1. Stand undressed from the waist up in front of a large mirror in a
well-lit room.
i. Look at your breasts.
ii. Don't be alarmed if they do not look equal in size or shape.
Most women's breasts aren't.
iii.With your arms relaxed by your sides, look for any changes
inshape or position, or any changes to the skin of the breasts.
iv.Look for any skin puckering, dimpling, sores or discoloration.
v .Inspect your nipples and look for any sores, peeling or change in the
direction of the nipples.
2. Next, place your hands on your hips and press down firmly to
tighten the chest muscles beneath your breasts.
Turn from side to side so you can inspect the outer part of your
breasts.
3. Then bend forward toward the mirror.
i. Roll your shoulders and elbows forward to tighten your chest
muscles.Your breasts will fall forward.
ii. Look for any changes in the shape or contour of your breasts.
4. Now, clasp your hands behind your head and press your hands forward.
Again, turnfrom side to side to inspect your breasts' outer portions.
Remember to inspect the border underneath your breasts. You may
need to lift yourbreasts with your hand to see this area.
5. i. Check your nipples for discharge (fluid).
ii.Place your thumb and forefinger on the tissue surrounding the nipple
and pull outward toward the end of the nipple.Look for any discharge.
Repeat on your other breast.
In the shower:-
6. Now, it's time to feel for changes in the breast. It is helpful to have
your hands slippery with soap and water.
i. Check for any lumps or thickening in your underarm area.
ii. Place your left hand on your hip and reach with your right hand to
feel in the left armpit.
Repeat on theother side.
7. Check both sides for lumps or thickenings above and below your
collar bone.
8. With hands soapy, raise one arm behind your head to spread out the
breast tissue. Use the flat part of your fingers from the other hand to
press gently into the breast. Follow an up-and-down pattern along the
breast, moving from bra line to collarbone. Continue the pattern until
you have covered the entire breast.
Repeat on the other side.
Lying down:-
9. Next, lie down andplace a small pillow or folded towel under your right
shoulder. Put yourright hand behind your head. Place your left hand on
the upper portion of your right breast with fingers together and flat.
Body lotion mayhelp to make this part of the exam easier.
10.Think of your breast as a face on a clock.
i. Start at 12 o'clock and move toward 1 o'clock insmall circular
motions. Continue around the entire circle until you reach 12 o'clock
again.
ii.Keep your fingers flat and in constant contact with your breast.When
the circle is complete, move in one inch toward the nipple and
complete another circle around the clock.
Continue in this pattern until you've felt the entire breast.
Make sure to feel the upper outer areas that extend into your armpit.
11. i. Place your fingers flat and directly on top of your nipple.
ii. Feel beneath the nipple for any changes.
iii.Gently press your nipple inward. It should move easily.
iv.Repeat steps 9, 10 and 11 on your other breast.
Interestingly,cancerous tumors are more likely to be found in
certain parts of the breast over others.
If you divide the breast into 4 sections, the approximate percentage
of breast cancers found in each area are (inclockwise pattern):
41% upper, outer quadrant
14% upper, inner quadrant
5% lower, inner quadrant
6% lower, outer quadrant
34% in the area behind the nipple Almost half occur in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, towards the armpit.
Some physicians refer to this region as the "tail" of the breast and encourage women to examine it closely.
I hope this information is an useful for your health and your loved one too!
Enjoy your health and take care!!
With love
Bro.Anthuvan
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)